Learn C++

C++ Topics

Click on a topic to expand and learn in detail.

• 1. Introduction to C++

C++ is a high-performance programming language widely used in system programming, games, and applications.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    cout << "Hello World";
    return 0;
}
      

• 2. Variables & Data Types

int age = 25;
float pi = 3.14;
char grade = 'A';
bool flag = true;
string name = "Alice";
      

• 3. Operators

// Arithmetic: +, -, *, /, %
int sum = 5 + 3;

// Comparison: ==, !=, >, <
bool result = (5 > 3); // true

// Logical: &&, ||, !
bool flag = true && false; // false
      

• 4. Conditions (if, else, switch)

int age = 18;

if(age >= 18){
    cout << "Adult";
} else {
    cout << "Minor";
}

switch(age){
    case 18:
        cout << "Exactly 18";
        break;
    default:
        cout << "Other";
}
      

• 5. Loops (for, while, do-while)

// for loop
for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
    cout << i;
}

// while loop
int i=0;
while(i<5){
    cout << i;
    i++;
}

// do-while loop
int j=0;
do{
    cout << j;
    j++;
}while(j<5);
      

• 6. Functions

int add(int a, int b){
    return a+b;
}

int main(){
    cout << add(5,3);
    return 0;
}
      

• 7. Arrays & Strings

int numbers[5] = {1,2,3,4,5};
cout << numbers[0]; // 1

string name = "Alice";
cout << name;
      

• 8. Pointers & References

int x = 10;
int *ptr = &x;
cout << *ptr; // 10

int &ref = x;
ref = 20;
cout << x; // 20
      

• 9. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

class Person{
public:
    string name;
    int age;

    void greet(){
        cout << "Hello " << name;
    }
};

int main(){
    Person p;
    p.name = "Alice";
    p.age = 25;
    p.greet();
    return 0;
}
      

• 10. Standard Template Library (STL)
• Vector, List, Map, Set
• Iterators
• Algorithms: sort, find, reverse
• 11. File I/O

#include <fstream>

ofstream outFile("data.txt");
outFile << "Hello C++";
outFile.close();

ifstream inFile("data.txt");
string text;
inFile >> text;
cout << text;
      

• 12. Advanced C++ Topics
• Dynamic Memory (new, delete)
• Templates (Function & Class Templates)
• Exception Handling (try, catch, throw)
• Operator Overloading
• Inheritance & Polymorphism
• Namespaces
• Lambda Functions in C++11+
• Smart Pointers
• Multithreading Basics